Islam+World

=Fall of the Byzantine Empire= toc Vocabulary Games

When the Roman Empire split into two separate empires, the Eastern Roman Empire became known as the Byzantine Empire. The Byzantine Empire continued on for 1000 years after the Western Roman Empire, including Rome, collapsed in 476 CE. The Byzantine Empire ruled most of Eastern and Southern Europe throughout the __Middle Ages__. Its capital city, Constantinople, was the largest and wealthiest city in Europe during the time.

Emperor Constantine I came to power as emperor in 306 CE. He made the Greek city of Byzantium the capital of the Eastern Roman Empire. The city was renamed to Constantinople. Constantine ruled as emperor for 30 years. Under Constantine, the Empire would thrive and become powerful. Constantine also embraced Christianity which would become a large part of the Roman Empire for the next 1000 years.

After the fall of the Western Roman Empire, the Eastern Roman Empire, also called the Byzantine Empire, and sometimes called "The Other Roman Empire", was flourishing. After the fall, a new emperor came to power in the Eastern Roman Empire. His name was Justinian.

Justinian lived in his palace in the capital city of Constantinople. As part of his job of emperor, Justinian ran the Catholic Church. He built a majestic cathedral, organized and strengthened the government, and established a law code that is still famous for its excellence today.

Emperor Justinian wanted to save in writing all __the laws__ that began in ancient Rome. In ancient Rome, those laws were called the Twelve Tables. Emperor Justinian collected up all the old laws, and added new ones that gave his people even more rights. He called this body of law the Code. One of the laws in Justinian's Code stated that a person was innocent until proven guilty. It is not __easy__ to write laws that are fair for everyone. Our founding fathers did a great job with the __Bill of Rights__, but then they some great teachers, one of which was Justinian!

Justinian wrote laws that were fair for everyone because he thought about the needs of all the people. He did such a good job way back in AD 500 that new and existing governments still refer to his laws as guides when creating laws for their own countries today!

Except for his continual worry about a takeover, Justinian did rule his empire wisely. But what he wanted more than anything was to restore the entire Roman Empire to its former glory, under his direction. To do this, he had to __win__ back the lost provinces in the west. He started to wage war on the many barbarian tribes who had overrun the Western Roman Empire. His military forces did gain back a lot of land that was lost when Rome fell. Justinian's __army__ took back southern Spain, all of Italy, and northern Africa, until only the Franks in the rest of Europe, and the Saxons in Britain, remained. But war was costly. The Eastern Empire was nearly broke. Justinian had to stop. He had to focus on his people at home.

Geography of Saudi Arabia =Religion= Five Pillars of Islam There are 5 pillars in Islam. The 5 pillars of Islam are duties which are obligatory on all Muslims. These duties are Shahadah, Salaah, Zakaat, Saum and Hajj. The 1st pillar is Shahadah. Shahadah is to believe that there is no god but Allah and that Muhammad is his messenger. The 2nd pillar is Salaah. Salaah is prayers, that are performed five times a day. Prayers are led by an Imam in the Mosque. Prayers are said at dawn, __mid-day__, late-afternoon, sunset and nightfall. Each salaah is performed facing towards the Kaba. Salaah is compulsory on all Muslims. Children should start praying 5 times daily at the age of 10 or 12. Prayers help Muslims communicate and worship Allah. Prayers are said in Arabic and Wudhu is performed before praying to spiritual clean and purify the soul. In Salah, Muslims follow set movements called rakaahs which include kneeling, bowing down and sitting. The Prophet said, "The prayer offered in congregation is twenty five times more superior (in reward) to the prayer offered alone in one's house or in a business centre." 3. __Zakaat__: charity The 3rd pillar is Zakaat. Zakaat is charity given to the poor and needy. Zakat means "purification." Each Muslim calculates his or her own zakah individually. The Prophet said, "Even meeting your brother with a cheerful face is an act of charity." The Prophet also said: "Charity is a necessity for every Muslim." 4. __Saum__: fasting The 4th pillar is Saum. Saum is fasting in the 9th month of the Islamic calendar. It is an obligatory act for all adults and children from the age of 10.It helps develop self-control and helps us to overcome selfishness, greed and laziness. You open your fast with a date. Muslims must abstain from food, drink, and sexual intercourse from dawn to dusk during this month. The fast is meant to remember the needy and seek nearness to Allah. 5. __Hajj__: pilgrimage The 5th pillar is Hajj. Hajj is to visit the Kaba, in Mecca during the Islamic month of Zul – Hijjah. It is Sunnah for all Muslims who are able to perform Hajj at least once in their lifetime. Everyone wears white clothes to show we are all equal.
 * 1.** __Shahadah__: faith
 * 2.** __Salaah__: prayer

H: The Islamic World Section 2 ||  ||  || study guide ||  || http://topdocumentaryfilms.com/islam-empire-faith/ || Notes: Muslim Empires ||  ||  || Planner Check ||  ||   || V
 * May 7 ||  || 4 Sight Test ||   ||   ||
 * May 8 ||  || Finish up scrapbook project ||   ||   ||
 * May 9 ||  || Guided Reading: Byzantine Empire ||   || [[file:The Byzantine Empire.docx]] ||
 * May 10 ||  || Notes: Geography of Arabia ||   || [[file:arabia notes.docx]] || [[file:Presentation1.pptx]] ||
 * May 11 ||  || No School ||   ||   ||
 * May 14 ||  || Guided Reading: The Islamic World and Religion ||   || [[file:The Islamic World and Religion.docx]] ||
 * May 15 ||  || 5 Pillars graphic organizer
 * May 15 ||  || 5 Pillars graphic organizer
 * May 16 ||  || Video: Islam: Empire of Faith
 * May 17 ||  || vocabulary quiz
 * May 18 ||  || Contributions ||   || [[file:ContributionsofMuslimstoWorldCivilizationGraphicOrganizer.pdf]][[file:Contributions_Placards.doc]] ||
 * May 21 ||  || Study Guide ||   || [[file:Islamic World Study Guide.docx]][[file:Muslim Contributions.pptx]] ||
 * May 22 ||  || Notebook Test ||   || [[file:ISLAM_JEOPARDY_PPT.ppt]] ||
 * May 23 ||  || Unit Test
 * May 23 ||  || Unit Test
 * May 24 ||  || Track and Field Days ||   ||   ||
 * May 25 ||  || Track and Field Days ||   ||   ||
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